Leptospirosis and COVID-19 co-infection case in Bangladesh.

Introduction: Leptospirosis, a zoonotic illness, is comparable to COVID-19 in that the majority of infections are mild or asymptomatic, and only a tiny percentage of those infected experience multiple system affected. Leptospirosis coinfection and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) play a significant part in the emergence and progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection by enhancing the difficulty of identification, management, and outcome of COVID-19 well as worsening disease severity and death. Case report: We presented a 47-year-old individual with Leptospirosis diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. A rapid test for IgM antibodies was used to confirm Leptospirosis. Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to establish COVID-19 (RTPCR). During the COVID-19 emergent crisis in Chattogram, Bangladesh, the person was diagnosed and treated with functional, supportive care for COVID-19 and antibiotic therapy for leptospirosis. The patient was given medication and guidance before being discharged from the hospital.To highlight the importance of microbial coinfection in COVID-19, we outline the coinfection of bacteria with SARS-CoV-2, their effects on COVID-19, the grounds for coinfection, and their identification.

Leptospirosis and COVID-19 co-infection case in Bangladesh

Introduction Leptospirosis, a zoonotic illness, is comparable to COVID-19 in that the majority of infections are mild or asymptomatic, and only a tiny percentage of those infected experience multiple system affected. Leptospirosis coinfection and the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) play a significant part in the emergence and progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection by enhancing the difficulty of identification, management, and outcome of COVID-19 well as worsening disease severity and death. Case report We presented a 47-year-old individual with Leptospirosis diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. A rapid test for IgM antibodies was used to confirm Leptospirosis. Reverse-transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to establish COVID-19 (RTPCR). During the COVID-19 emergent crisis in Chattogram, Bangladesh, the person was diagnosed and treated with functional, supportive care for COVID-19 and antibiotic therapy for leptospirosis. The patient was given medication and guidance before being discharged from the hospital. To highlight the importance of microbial coinfection in COVID-19, we outline the coinfection of bacteria with SARS-CoV-2, their effects on COVID-19, the grounds for coinfection, and their identification. Bangladesh;COVID-19;Coinfection;Leptospirosis;SARS-CoV-2.

COVID-19 hospitalization with later long COVID in a person with Down syndrome.

Viruses that induce pulmonary difficulties and auto-inflammation are more common in people with Down syndrome. They also have a higher number of comorbidities associated with a worse prognosis than the overall population. Adult patients with acute COVID-19 are increasingly being diagnosed with Long COVID. However, patients with Down syndrome with later long COVID-19 are the first example documented in Bangladesh.

Is Coronavirus Infection Associated With Musculoskeletal Health Complaints? Results From a Comprehensive Case-Control Study.

OBJECTIVE: This case-control study investigated the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and musculoskeletal health complaints (MHC). The specific aims of the study were (1) to compare the 1-month prevalence of MHC among post-acute COVID-19 patients and participants who never tested positive for COVID-19 matched by the former group's age and gender; (2) to identify the predictors of MHC among all participants, and (3) define the factors independently associated with MHC in post-acute COVID-19 patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The study was conducted in Bangladesh from February 24 to April 7, 2022. The face-to-face interview was taken using a paper-based semi-structured questionnaire. MHC was measured using the musculoskeletal subscale of subjective health complaints produced by Eriksen et al. Descriptive analysis was conducted to compute MHC prevalence and compare them across groups. Multiple logistic analyses were employed to identify MHC predictors for the participants. RESULTS: The prevalence of MHC was 38.7%. Adjusted analysis suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 infection was independently associated with MHC (AOR = 3.248,95% CI = 2.307-4.571). Furthermore, unemployment (AOR = 4.156, 95% CI = 1.308-13.208), moderate illness (AOR = 2.947,95% CI = 1.216-7.144), treatment in hospitals' general word (AOR = 4.388,95% CI = 1.878-10.254) and health complaints after COVID-19 (AOR = 4.796,95% CI = 2.196-10.472) were found to be the predictors of MHC among post-acute COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: Our study found a robust association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and MHC and recommends that healthcare authorities be prepared to deal with the high burden of MHC among post-acute COVID-19 patients.

SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with low back pain: findings from a community-based case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: Pain is a significant complaint of patients with postacute COVID-19 syndrome; however, little is known about the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and pain. This study aimed to (1) examine the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and low back pain (LBP) and (2) identify independent predictors of LBP among survivors of COVID-19. METHODS: This case-control study involved 878 participants aged ≥18 years. Data were collected from February 24 to April 7, 2022, in Bangladesh. LBP was measured using the musculoskeletal subscale of subjective health complaints produced by Eriksen et al. Descriptive analysis was performed to compute LBP prevalence and compare the prevalence across groups. Multiple logistic analyses helped to identify the predictors of LBP for survivors of COVID-19. RESULTS: Overall, 20% of participants reported LBP; however, the prevalence of LBP was significantly high among patients with postacute COVID-19 compared with their counterparts (24.4% vs 15.7%, P = 0.001). Regression analysis for all participants suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection was independently associated with LBP (adjusted odds ratio 1.837, 95% confidence interval 1.253-2.692). However, moderate COVID-19 symptom (adjusted odds ratio 1.754, 95% confidence interval 0.984-3.126) was the only statistically significant predictor of LBP among postacute COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with LBP, and moderate COVID-19 symptom was an independently associated factor of LBP. The health care facilities must be prepared to deal with the burden of LBP among patients with postacute COVID-19.

Parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy for children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a cross-sectional survey.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about parental coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). This survey estimated the prevalence and predictive factors of vaccine hesitancy among parents of children with NDD. METHODS: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 10 to 31, 2021. A structured vaccine hesitancy questionnaire was used to collect data from parents aged ≥ 18 years with children with NDD. In addition, individual face-to-face interviews were conducted at randomly selected places throughout Bangladesh. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the predictors of vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: A total of 396 parents participated in the study. Of these, 169 (42.7%) parents were hesitant to vaccinate their children. Higher odds of vaccine hesitancy were found among parents who lived in the northern zone (AOR = 17.15, 95% CI = 5.86-50.09; p < 0.001), those who thought vaccines would not be safe and effective for Bangladeshi children (AOR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.68-15.19; p < 0.001), those who were either not vaccinated or did not receive the COVID-19 vaccine themselves (AOR = 12.14, 95% CI = 8.48-17.36; p < 0.001), those who said that they or their family members had not tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.07-4.25), and those who did not lose a family member to COVID-19 (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.03-4.61; p = 0.040). Furthermore, parents who were not likely to believe that their children or a family member could be infected with COVID-19 the following year (AOR = 4.99, 95% CI = 1.81-13.77; p < 0.001) and who were not concerned at all about their children or a family member being infected the following year (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.65-8.37; p = 0.043) had significantly higher odds of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy, policymakers, public health practitioners, and pediatricians can implement and support strategies to ensure that children with NDD and their caregivers and family members receive the COVID-19 vaccine to fight pandemic induced hazards.